2014/07/27

Password On Media #9

Below are some of the latest media articles about password problems and my comments on them.

- Russian Gang Amasses Over a Billion Internet Passwords
“A Russian crime ring has amassed the largest known collection of stolen Internet credentials, including 1.2 billion user name and password combinations and more than 500 million email addresses, security researchers say.”

My comment:  We do not have to panic. It will be possible to put such situations under control. 

The Expanded Password System that we advocate handles a “character” as an “image”.  Each character/image is identified by the image identifier data which can be any long.  Assume that your password is easy-to-remember but easy-to-crack, for instance, “ABC123” and that those characters are identified as X4s&, eI0w, and so on by the randomizing program.  When you input ABC123, the authentication data that the server receives is not “ABC123”, but something like “X4s&eIwdoex7RVb%9Ub3mJvk”, which may automatically change periodically or at each access.  When such very-high-entropy data are hashed, it would be next to impossible to quickly crack the hashed data back to the original password.  Give different sets of identifier data to “ABC123” and the different servers will receive all different very-high-entropy authentication data. 

Brute force attacks and rainbow-table attacks are effective for low-entropy data, not for very-high-entropy data.  Even if the hashed passwords were stolen, we could stay calm when we know that criminals would have to give up.  There exists such a sweeping solution.  We do not have to panic.

The Expanded Password System, which enables us to make use of autobiographic image memory that is the least subject to the cognitive phenomenon named “interference of memory”, also helps enhance the precious text passwords that we have somehow memorized.

Incidentally, password managers may help for low-security services but should not be recommended for high-security services because of the single point of failure they necessarily involve.  Biometric solutions are not an alternative to the password so long as they rely on a password for self-rescue against false rejection while retaining the near-zero false acceptance in the real world.  Multi-factor solutions are an expanded use of the passwords, not an alternative to the password, when one of the factors is the password.  The alternative to text passwords should and can be found from among what we remember.


- How to Solve the Password Problem: Teach Kids When They're Young

My comment:  We cannot remember more than 5 text passwords on average, not because we are silly, lazy or uneducated, but because our memory of text passwords get too heavily influenced by the “interference of memory”  We cannot run as fast as horses, not because we are silly, lazy or uneducated.


- Poor password management leaves service accounts open to attack
“The latest study has revealed that professionals don’t practice what they preach when it comes to passwords”

My comment:  What I have long suspected is now confirmed.


- Password manager remembers all your passwords

My comment:  Password manager remember all my passwords and loses all my passwords to criminals as soon as hacked.


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About Me

About Expanded Password System "Mnemonic Guard"
http://mneme.blog.eonet.jp/default/files/outline_of_mnemonic_security.pdf

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2014/07/15

Password On Media #8

Below are some of the latest media articles about password problems and my comments on them.

- Popular password protection programs p0wnable
“LastPass, RoboForm, My1Login, PasswordBox and NeedMyPassword all flawed”

My comment:  The maxim is reminded that we should not put many eggs in a basket.  Password managers should be considered only for low-security applications.


- The way you type can be your new password!
“IBM's system monitors behaviour only after a person has logged in using their password. This can prevent a fraudster making transactions, pretending to be an authenticated user who has, for example, gone to make coffee without logging out. When behaviours are detected that are out of character, the software will ask them to log in again with some extra security questions”

My comment:  IBM is wise to be using the biometric solution for complementing a password, not claiming it to be an alternative to the password.  Incidentally, the title of this article is simply a hype. 

The same also applies to other behavioral biometrics such as heartbeat monitoring.


- How to use speech for your dual-authentication login - Two-factor authentication soon required for access to criminal information databases
“Biometric authentication tokens have a big advantage over RFID chips, NFC transponders, card keys, or flash drives: you can’t lose them. You can misplace or have stolen any piece of hardware your agency gives you to access your computer, but you’ll always have your face or your voice with you.”

My comment:  Biometrics could be one of the multiple factors if the biometrics stopped relying on a self-rescue password or backup password in case of false rejection while retaining the near-zero false acceptance.


- How a password changed one man's life for the better
“Forgive@her, Quit@smoking4ever, Save4trip@thailand”

My comment:  There may be therapeutic effects.  But those ideas may well have been or will soon be incorporated in the attackers’ dictionaries. Better than the likes of abcd1234 and asdf;lkj, though.



- Despite Privacy Concerns, It's Time to Kill the Password
“It(NSTIC)’s designed to protect internet users by providing authentication far stronger than can be accomplished by passwords alone.”

My comment:  If you use something (probably PKI-based physical tokens) in addition to a password, would it mean that the password has been killed dead?  Then, when a man is assisted by a dog, the man would have to be declared dead.


- Microsoft tells users to stop using strong passwords everywhere
“Weak passwords have their place, argues new research from Microsoft, and they help users conserve brainpower for where it is needed”
- Microsoft: 'You're better off reusing old passwords than creating new ones'

My comment:  I have no objection to the view that difficult-to-remember passwords and easy-to-remember passwords have the role to play of their own.  That is what I have long been practicing. 

However, at the top of the technology list should be “chip & the strongest password” rather than “chip & pin” (both are an expanded use of passwords not an alternative to the password), since PIN is a password (the weakest form of numerical passwords.)  Incidentally, "password" being replaced by "password & something" sounds really odd like "a man" replaced by "a man and his dog".




2014/07/11

On "Kill the password dead"

In an imaginary Czar-ruled world the first generation of automobiles were equipped with hand-brakes which had been used for horse coaches. As the engines got more powerful, the braking distances became longer and longer, causing more and more serious injuries.  It was rumoured that as much as 80% of the road injuries were caused by the hand-brake.  People dreaded going out. The Czar shouted "Kill the brake dead".

Many smart solutions were proposed in response.

- Improve the steering to avoid collisions.  We can do without the brake.

- Make the body robust to stand collisions.  We can do without the brake.

- Cover the driver with thick cushions.  We can do without the brake.

- Downhill?  Not use the autombiles.  We can do witout the brake.

Not only automobiles but also horse coaches disappeared from the roads because the brakes were declared to be killed dead.

In the real world, fortunately, there were people who said "It is not the brake but the hand-brake that bring us the headache.  What about the foot-brake?  What about hydraulic rather than wire?  What about power booster?".  Thanks to those people we now see so many automobiles on the roads.